Lock



J. C. BREKER Dec. .8, 1931.

LOCK

Filed Oct. 9. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l I'IIIII a r/VVENTdR I r yiromv C.BREKE J. C. BREKER Dec. 8, 1931.

LOCK

Filed Oct. 9, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 8, 1931 warren *s'ra'res PATENT easier JOHN C. BREKER, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASS IQNOR TO HEIM BREKER MANUFAC- TUBING COMPANY, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK LOCK Application filed October 9, 1929. Serial No. 398,535.

My invention relates in general to looks for use on doors of various kinds, and in partcular to a combination lock.

I An object of my invention has been to provide a device of this nature, so constructed that its combination can not be detected by the senses. 7 7

Another object has been to providea lock capable of many combinations, and one sim- 10 ple and durable in construction.-

ness of design, maybe convenientlyv inserted in the doors of enclosed automobiles. I

Ihe above objects and advantages have been accomplished by the device shown in the accompanying drawings, of which: s

Fig. 1 is a face view of my complete lock assembled in a door.

Fig. 2 is enlarged face view of my lock with the-cover plate removed. I I 3 Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view, similar to Fig. 2, showing the parts of the lock in their unlocked positions.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentar sectional, view taken on line 44 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a transverse. sectional view, taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 2. a

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary, inner face view of the cover plate showing a portion of the o reset mechanism. Fig. 7 is an enlarged, longitudinal, sectional view, taken through one of the tumbler elements. 1

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of one of the tumbler elements in inverted position.

Fig. 9 is a face view of a modified form of lock with the cover removed.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary, sectional view, taken on line 101O of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary, sectionalview taken on line 1111 of Fig. 9. n

Reference is now made to the form of invention shownin Figs. 1 to 8 inclusive, where I show. a lock of the mortise type, designed to be used in wooden doors.

This form of the device comprises a casing 15 having the usual cover 16, which casing with its attached cover is mortised into the door 17 in the customaryway. The usual plate 18 at the face of the casing is also Moreover, my lock, because of its compactoperating button is preferably provided with a flange or collar which en ages w th the inner face of the escutcheon plate and thus limits the outward movement of the button. Each button is also'formed preferably with a reduced peripheral portion 26 on its inner end which is slidably carried by an engaging aperture 27 formed in the cover 16.

Arranged under the apertures 27 "of the cover .16 are the operating levers 28, 29 and engageable respectlvely.

30, of my device, with the. operating buttons 21, 22 and 23. Each of these operating levers is provided with a head 31, depending arms 32, which are pivotally attached to lugs 33 carried by the casing,.a nd with a lower end 34 arranged at the side of the arms 32 which is opposite the head 31. A helical spring 35 is arranged under each of the heads whereby the head is kept in its elevated position and in contact withthe operating button. The operating buttons are also kept in their extreme outward positions by means of the springs 35. Since the pivotal connection of the arm 32 of the levers is some distance below the head 31 and the lower end 34, the end, 34 will be moved up wardly toward the buttons as the head of each is depressed, for purposes to be hereinafterdescribed. 7 e

- Tumbler elements 40, 41 and 42 are provided, respectively, for each of the operating levers 28, 29'and 30. An operating link 43 is provided for each of the operating levers and the upper end of eachis pivotally attached to the lower end 34 of each of the operating levers. Each of the operating links 43 is arranged preferably at one side of the center ofthe tumbler element, having its lower end disposed adjacent the element and each link may be provided with a curved portion 44 extending in the direction opposite to the tumbler element, whereby the weight of this curved portion will tend to move the operat ing links toward the tumbler elements. Each of the operating links is provided on its lower end with a hook 45 for engagementwith the tumbler element, as hereinafter described. Each of the operating links is supported and guided near its lower end by means of a narrow support 46, the upper working edge of which is raised some distance above the bottom of the casing.

Each of the tumbler elements, 40, 41, and 42 is rotatably mounted up on a stud carried by the casing 15. Each of theelements comprises a gear portion '51, which is arranged at the end of the element which is toward the bottom of the casing; a cam portion 52; and a ratchet portion 53 (see Figs. 7 and 8). The ratchet portion 58 is at the top of the element and its face is considerably wider thaneither the gear portion or the cam portion. The upper end of each of the tumbler elements is provided with a counterbore 54 in which is 'mounted a helical spring 55. The top of the counterbore is closedby means of a washer 56 which is held in place by means of a pin 57 passing through the upper end of the stud 50. The washer 56 is thus kept in contact with the helical spring which spring is thereby slightly compressed so as to Yea-use a fractional resistance to the turning of the't'umbler element. T he ratchetportion 53 of each tumbler-"element is engaged by the hook 45 ofthe co-actin o era'tins link 43 when the link is reciprocated in an upward movement by the depression of the operating lever connected therewith. 'The amount of reciprocal movement of each link is such as to move the tumbler element a distance equal to the pitch of the ratchet teeth formed on the element. At

one point in the ratchet element a recess 60 is formed by cutting away one of the ratchet teeth, whereby when the hook 45 of, the operating link reaches this recess, the tumbler "will not be rotated further even though'the link is operated repeatedly. The cam portion52 of each of the tumbler elements is provided with a depression 61 which may be in line with the recess 60 of the ratchet portion of the device or preferably slightly in advance in the direction of rotation ofthe element.

7 Reset gear segments 65, 66 and 67 are provided for moving-the tumbler elements to their normal locked positions, and these seg ments engage, respectively, with the gear portions 51 of the tumbler elements40, 41, and

42: hesesegments are arranged in stepped I relation, so-that they can overlap one another when being operated, the segment 67 being next to'the bottom of the casing, and the segment being; farthest from the bottom, (seeFig. 5). The gear portions 51 of the with the reset surfaces 69 of the gear segments 65 and 66. The end 73 of the reset bar engages with the reset/surface 69 of the gear segment 67. The surfaces 71 and 7 2 and end 73 are all engageable with the reset surfaces 69 of the gear segments when the segments are in their normal positions as shown in Fig. 2. 'lVhe-n, however, the gear segments are operated as hereinafter described, the surface 69 of'the gear segment which is first operated, engaging with the co-acting surface of the reset bar, will move thereset bar tothe left as viewed in the drawings. If the next gear segment is operated one or more times beyond the one first operated, then the reset bar will be moved inaccordance with the excess of movement of the second gear segment beyond the operation of the first. If the third segment is operated a greater" distance than the first or the second, then the reset bar will be operated in accordance with such further pivotally. engaged. by a reset link 7 This I reset link (see Figs. 5 and 6) is arranged adjacent to the cover 16 of the casing and has itsinner end pivotally attached to a rotating disc 76 by means of a pivot pin 77, carried by the disc. The disc 76is rotatably supported by the cover 16, lugs 78 being provided for keeping it in place. A reset stud 7 9 having a square shapedinner end 80 is carried by the escutcheon plate 24 and engages with a square-shaped aperture formed in the disc whereby the disc may be rotated by the rotation of the stud. A resetknob 81 isformed on the outside of the reset stud, whereby the.

planes and in lapped arrangement, so that the head of each will'fcome opposite the cam portion 52, of the c'o-acting tumbler element, and in engageable' position with the'depression 61 thereof. Each of these tumblers is pivotally mounted some distance behind the head thereof, and the detents thereof are engageable with slots 91 formedin a lockbar 92,"when the device is locked. The tumblers 85'. and 86 are preferably provided on the end opposite the head 89 with a counterweight 93 whereby the head 89 is kept normally pressed in an upward direction when the lock is in posit-ion within a door. Due to the compact arrangement of my look, there is not room for a counterweight for the tumbler 87 and therefore this tumbler is provided with a light spring 94. Obviously, if desired, each of the tumblers may be provided with a spring instead of the counterweights as shown.

The lock bar 92 slidably mounted within the casing below the tumblers 85, 86- and 87 and is provided near its rear end with a slot 95 with which the upper end of'a follm er arm 96 engages. Slidably arranged be- I neath the lock bar is the usual latch bolt 97 the follower arm 96, whereby the arm may be operated in either direction as is custos mary. Where my device is to be applied to: a lock of this type which is to be operated with a split or two-piece door knob shaft,

the follower may be made in two pieces, as well as the follower arm, the follower arm on the inside part of the lock being ofsuch a length that it will not engage the slot 95' of the latch bar 92, whereby thelatch bolt may be withdrawn by turning the inner knob even though the lock is in its closed position;

As shown in Fig. 2 I may provide my lock with means for preventing an unauthorized person from forcing a thin implement in between the door and door jamb and thereby moving the latch bolt inwardly within the lock. Such means preferably comprises a detent bar 105 slidably mounted within the casing and having its upper end 106 movable into the path of the latch bolt 97 The detent bar is U-shaped,-"as shown, the leg 107 thereof having a notch 108. Engageable with the notch 108 is the upper end 109 of a latch 110. Such engagement comes about when the detent bar is moved upwardly to its locked position. An operating dog 11 is pivotally carried by the easing, and is connected with an operating knob 112 on each side of the door. By rotating either knob the dog is elevated so as to push the detent bar upwardly whereupon the end 109 catches in the notch 108and holds the detent bar in its operative position. A helical spring 113 serves to keep theupper end 109 of the latch urged toward the leg 107 of the detent bar. When the latch is the link and the hook will be inengagement with the detent bar, an inclined surface 114" formed on its lower end will engage the surface 115 of thefollower 101. The surface 115 is flat and preferably at right angles to a horizontal center line drawn through the center of the follower so that when the follower is'rotated in either direction, it will cause the latch to be-moved,

thereby disengaging its upper end 109 from the notch 108 of the detent bar and allowing the bar to be moved downwardly to its normal position. A helical spring 116 is arranged on the detent bar 105 and bears against a .pin 117 carried thereby, whereby the bar'is normally urged downwardly.

The form of invention shown in Figs 911, inclusive, is designed primarily for use upon an automobile car door. In this form of invention the operating levers are shown at 120, 121 and 122.- These are connected respectively to the operating links 123, 124: and

125. These links engage respectively with the tumbler elements 126, 127 and 128; These tumbler elements are similar in construction to the elements described in connection with the other device. The operating links 123, 124 and 125 of this form of device are preferably held in working contact with the ratchet portions of the tumbler elements by means of a light, leaf spring 129. Each of these springs is secured.- at its inner end to the upper end of the operating link and has its lower end in bearing contact with the tumbler elements on the side opposite to the hook 130 of the operating link, whereby gently urged toward the tumbler element.

The operating links 123, 124'and 125 in this form have their lower ends mounted in supports 118 and are passed through slots 119 formed therein. Reset gear segments 131, 132, and 133 are provided respectively for the tumbler elements 126, 127 and 128.

The reset bar 134 of this'form of the device is similar to the form hereinbefore described so far as its stepped arrangement is concerned. This bar, however, is provided at its outer end with an upstanding lug 135 with which a crank 136 is engageable. The crank is pivotally carried by a bearing 137 and is provided with an upstanding curved arm 138 at the end opposite the end having the crank. This arm passes through a slot 139 formed in the outer end of a reset lever 140. A pin 1 11 passes through the extreme outer end of the lever andserves to hold the arm 138 within the slot 1390f the arm. The lever is pivotally attached to the casing 142 and its head is engaged by a suitable button (not shown). The button for o-peratcarried by the door to-which the lockis atand 128. Each of these tumblers'is pivot-ally secured at its inner end to the casing and each has a head 148 and a detent l lfli'ormedat its'outer end. The heads are engageablewith therecess-cs Formed in the cam portions oithe tum r elements asin the other form of invention. Slidably arrangedin t e bottom of the casing of this device is the lock bar 150 which is providedwith slots 151 for engagement with the dete-nts 149 of the turnblers. The detents are held within the notches 151 by gravity and are easily pushed out of engagement. by the inward movement of the loch bar when the tumbler elements are in their unlocked positions. If desired, light with an upturned portion 155 which carries a detent pad 156. This pad is carried by a screw 157' which is screw-threaded into the end 155 of the lever, whereby adjustment is provided for. A lock nut 158- serves tofix the pad in its adjusted position. his shown in Fig. 9 the latch spindle or the cardoor is representedat 159, and the only alteration to this latch spindle when using; my loci: is the provision of a detent pin'160. When being assembled the lock is placed so that the detentpad 156 comes opposite thedetent pin 160, as shown in Fig. 9, whereby when the latch sp'indle'l59 is rotated the pin will. engage with the detentpad and preventiurther movement of the latch spindle except when the device is unlocked.

It is obvious that in, either form of my de vice, it is a1 latively simple matter to change the con'lbination, it only being necessary to remove thepin 57 from the stud 50 and to lift the tumbler element until the teeth oft-hegear section 51 thereof disengage fromthe reset gear segment, whereugon the tumbler element may be rotated in either direction, requiring either a greater or lesser number of movements to operate it, -a-s is desired, 1? urthermore, 1t 1S not necessary when operating my lock to operate the tumbler elements in any definite sequential arrangement, since each is independent of others.

' hen the parts of my dev1ceare 1n the po-- A helical. shrin 15lserv-es to 1 1 .L O 7 force the outwardly to its normal 1305i tien. The outer end of the bar 1S provided sitions shown in Fig. 2, the device is locked and the tumbler elements are in their normal, locked positions, having been moved to-such positions by the resetting mechanism. The operating buttons 21, 22, and 23 are now 0perated bybeing pushed inwardly to the limit of their travel, a definite number or" times, corresponding to the predetermined combination, which will'bring the depression 61 of the cam portion of each of the tumbler elements in registering position with the head 89 01"" the co-acting tumbler, whereupon the head will enter the recess either by gravity, by spring-v tension, or, as in the case of the automobile look, by the actuation ofthe lockbar. lVhen :all of the heads 89 of the tumblers have entered the depressions of the respective tumbler elements,the: detents 88 of the tumblers will be disengageable from the recessest l of the lock iar 92. WVhen the follower 101 is now operated by rotating the door knob, the latch bolt 97 will be withdrawn by means of the follower arm which willcarry with it thelock bar 92. If. the detent bar 105 hasbeen previously set by the operation of the dog 111, the end 109 of the latch 110 w lb'e released from its engagement with theuotch 108 by the operation of the follower 101, as hereinbefore described, thus allowing the detent bar to be retracted b 1 the spring 116 and moved .to its normal lower position, as shown in Fig. 2. When it is desired to lock the device, it is only necessaryto rotate the reset knob 81,. which through the" medium of the disc 7 6 and link will operate the rest bar. 70, causing the reset gear segments (which have been previously moved to positions corresponding to the amount of movement of the engaging tumbler elements) to be moved back to their normal positions, as shown in Fig. 2, thus carrying with them the enga ging tumbler elements,

which are also thus moved to their normal,

locked posit-ions.

The operation of the form of device shown in Fig. 9- is similar to that above described except that when the depressionsofthe can portions of the tumbler elements are opposite the heads 1&8 of the tumblers, the tumblers may be moved upwardly by the actuation of the-lock .bar, whereby their heads will engage with the depressions. This movement is possible-because ofthe fact that the detents 1419 of the tumblers are arranged some distance to the right of the pivotal points of thetumblers. Obviously, the lock bar 150 of this form of invention is operated by the detent pin 160 earried by the. door latch spinedle 159, which, when it is moved en gages with the detent 156, moving this pad with it and the lock barwhich:carries it; ,Tovreset this form of invention, it is onlynecessary to operatethe reset-lever 1 10 by pushingan additional button'(not shown) similar tothe operating buttons 21, 22, and 23 of the other form of invention. The operation of the reset lever serves to operate the crank 136 to move the reset bar to restore the reset gear segments to their normal positions.

In the form of invention shown in Fig. 9, the reset bar 134C is moved to the right in accordance with the movement of the reset gear segments, such movement being brought about by the engagement of the reset surfaces of the reset gear segments with the reset bar. In the form of invention shown in Figs. 1 to 8, however, it is possible to operate the lock bar positively in either direction by means of the reset knob 81. Under normal conditions, the reset gear segments, engaging during their operation with'the steps of the reset bar, will be the means of moving the reset bar to the left as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 5. As the bar is moved, the reset link will be moved accordingly and cause the disc 76 to be rotated. However, for clearness of illustration, in; Figs. 2, 8 and 5, the resetbar has been moved to its extreme left hand position.

lVhile I have shown the ratchet portion of the tumbler elements as being formed with ratchet teeth, it is obvious that gear teeth may be provided instead. This change is possible because the lower hooked ends of the operating links are some distance below the axes of the tumbler elements and, therefore, they readily fall away from the engaging tooth on the return stroke. These and other modifications of the details herein shown and described may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the appended claims, and I do not, therefore, wish to be limited to the exact embodiment herein shown and described, the form shown being merely a preferred embodiment thereof.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A look comprising a plurality of independently rotated tumbler elements, having their, axes spaced apart and parallel with each other, a plurality of slidably mounted operating buttons movable in planes parallel to the axes of the tumbler elements, means connecting the buttons with the tumbler elements, separately operating tumblers engageable with the tumbler elements, anda lock bar engageable with the tumblers.

2. A look comprising a plurality of inde- PGHClGDlJJ rotated tumbler, elements, having thein axes spaced apart and parallel with each other, a plurality'of slidably mounted operating buttons movable in planes parallel to the axes of the tumbler elements, a plurality of operating levers, a plurality of operating links pivotally connected at their upper ends to the levers, the lower ends of the links being in engagement with the tumbler elements, separately operating tumblers bar and a pluralityofseparatelyoperating tumblers engageable with thelock bar, of a plurality of tumbler elements controlling; the tumblers, each tumbler element comprising a ratchet portion, a cam portion for engage,- mentwith, the tumblers, and a gear portion, a plurality of reset gear segments engageable with thegear portions of the tumbler elements, means for returning the reset segments to their normal positions, and means for operating the tumbler elements.

5. In a lock, the combination with a lock bar, a plurality of tumblers engageable with the lock bar, and a plurality of tumbler elements, of means for operating the tumbler elements located above these elements comprising a plurality ofoperating levers having their pivotal axes at right angles to the axes of the tumbler elements, and a plurality of depending operating links pivotally connected, to the lower ends of the levers and having hooked lower ends disposed below the horizontal axes of the tumbler elements; and for engagement therewith, the links being reciprocated by the arcuate movement of the lower ends of the operating levers.

6. Ina lock, the combination with a lock bar, a plurality of tumblers engageable with lock. bar, of a plurality of tumbler elements controlling the tumblers, the tumbler elements being arranged in difierent vertical planes andin stepped arrangement with each other, a plurality of reset gearsegments engageable with the tumbler elements and arranged in stepped relationship with each other, a reset bar having surfaces in stepped arrangement for engagement with the reset segments, means for operating the reset bar, whereby the segments will be returned to their normal positions by the operation of the reset bar.

7. In a lock, the combination with a plurality of tumbler elements having their axes spaced apart and parallel to each other, and means for operating the tumbler elements, of a actuated tumblers arranged one below each of the tumbler elements, each tumbler having a head and a detent, and a slidably mounted lock bar arranged adjacent to the tumblers, the bar being formed with a sepaplurality of weighted and gravity I rate notch for engagement with each of the detents of the tumblers, the headset the tumblers being engageable' with the tumbler elements; 7 r

r 8. In a lock, the combination with a plurality of tumbler elements having their axes spaced apartand parallel to each other, and. means for operating the tumbler elements,

, of a plurality of tumblers, a slidably mounted in look bar engageable with the tumblers, an adj ustable'detent pad carried by the lock'bar, a latch spindle arranged. adjacent to the lock bar, and a detent pin carried by the spindle and engageable with the detent pad for moving the-lock bar when the spindle is rotated;

' 9. In a lock,the combination with a plurality of tumbler elements having their axes V spaced apart and parallel to each other, and means for operating the tumbler elements, of

aplura'lity otgravityl actu e tumblers ranged one below eac tumbler element, each tumbler having a head and a detent,a slidably mounted lock bar arranged adjacent to the tumblers, the bar being'formed with a separate notch for engagementwith each of the detents of the tumblers, the-heads of the tumblers being engageable with the tumbler elements, a latch spindle arranged adjacent to the-lock bar, and a detent pin carried by the spindle and engageable with the lock bar to move it when the'spindle' is rotated.

10. Ina lock, the combination with a lock bar and a plurality of separately operating tumblers-engaging with the lock bar, of a 5 plurality of tumbler elements controlling the,

tumblers, each tumbler element comprising a I ratchet portion, a cam portion for engagement with the tumblers, and a gear portion, means for operating the tumbler elements,

" 40 reset means associated with the gear portions of the tumbler elements for resetting the tumbler elements, a slidably mounted lock bar engageable with tthe tumblers, a latch spindle arranged adjacent the lock bar, and

detent means carried by the spindle and engageable with the'lock bar to move it when the spindle is rotated.-

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name. 7

JOHN G. BREKER. 

